Swimming Lessons & Drowning Risk In Children

My wife, it can be revealed, never learned to swim,compared with 53 percent of the same-aged children
despite spending most of her life living in beachin the 79 control group families. (While these results
communities. As a form of parental compensation forsuggest that formal swimming instruction in children
my wife's lack of comfort in an aquatic environment,aged 5 years or older decreases the risk of
our two young children have been charged withaccidental drowning, the results in this age group
learning to swim from a very early age. Of course,were not statistically significant, unlike the results
this makes perfect sense to me as well, given thatobserved for the younger children.) At the same
we continue to live near the beach. However, due totime, when the researchers looked at unstructured or
the not very infrequent tragic stories of youngotherwise informal swimming instruction as a risk
children drowning in family pools, I have sometimesfactor for accidental drowning, they found absolutely
worried that increasing our young children's comfortno association between informal instruction and
levels in the water could expose them to androwning rates in children and adolescents.
increased risk of a pool-related accidents, due toThe results of this retrospective case-control study
overconfidence on their part. I was, therefore, quiteidentified a whopping 88 percent reduction in the risk
relieved to find a newly published research study onof accidental drowning among 1 to 4 year-old children
this very topic, which appears in the current volumewho had undergone formal swimming instruction,
of the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine.when compared to same-age toddlers who had
In this retrospective case-control study, the authorseither never undergone formal instruction or who had
reviewed cases of drowning deaths occurring inundergone only informal, unstructured swimming
children and adolescents between the ages of 1 andinstruction. While the retrospective case-control
19 years in the states of Maryland, North Carolina,methodology used for this study is not as powerful
Florida, California, Texas, and New York. Theas would be observed in a prospective clinical
researchers then interviewed a sample of 88 familiesresearch trial, this study's findings do reassure me
of children and teens, from these same states, whothat there is most likely some significant benefit
had died in drowning accidents. A control group ofassociated with formal swimming lessons in younger
213 families who had not experienced the tragic losschildren.
of a child was also interviewed. The results andSelection biases, as well as other potential sources of
conclusions of this innovative clinical study werebias, are difficult to eliminate in these types of clinical
rather striking (and personally reassuring to me).studies, and so the absolute benefit of swimming
Of the 61 families who lost a child between the ageslessons is likely to be less than the 88 percent level
of 1 and 4 years to drowning, only 3 percent hadreported by this retrospective study. However, when
enrolled their lost child in swimming lessons, while 26one is considering even potentially modest reductions
percent of the control group families with children inin the risk of losing one's child to accidental drowning,
this same age range had enrolled their toddlers inthere is no such thing as a trivial level of risk
formal swimming lessons. Among the 27 families thatreduction, in my view. So, our young children will
had lost children between the ages of 5 and 19 yearsdefinitely be continuing with their swimming lessons at
to drowning accidents, 27 percent had enrolled theirour friendly neighborhood YMCA.
deceased children in formal swimming lessons,